Assessment of power quality of high voltage systems: case study
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this study, the power quality in a high-voltage load center is evaluated through the Network Code methodology. The electrical parameters of interest are voltage, frequency, power factor, harmonic distortion, voltage fluctuations and current unbalance. Measurements are made with a recording equipment that meets the characteristics required by the current standard. The indices that exceed the allowed limits are identified, the adjustments are proposed, and the improvements are observed by performing the simulation with software for the analysis of electrical grids. The information obtained in this study adds to the still scarce literature for the evaluation of power quality in high voltage load centers with cogeneration using the Mexican Network Code.
Article Details
References
Bhattacharyya S., Wang Z., Cobben J.F.G., Myrzik J.M.A. and Kling W.L. (2008). Analysis of power quality performance of the dutch medium and low voltage grids, 13th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power, 2008, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ICHQP.2008.4668800.
CENACE (2016). Niveles de Cortocircuito de la Red Nacional de Transmisión 2016, 2019 y 2021, Centro Nacional de Control de Energía, México.
CFE (2005). Especificación L0000-45, Comisión Federal de Electricidad, Desviaciones Permisibles en las Formas de Onda de Tensión y Corriente en el Suministro y Consumo de Energía Eléctrica, México.
CRE (2016). Criterios de eficiencia, calidad, confiabilidad, continuidad, seguridad y sustentabilidad del sistema eléctrico nacional: Código de Red, Comisión Reguladora de Energía, México.
Gonzalez-Abreu A.D., Saucedo-Dorantes J.J., Osornio-Rios R.A., Romero-Troncoso R.J., Delgado-Prieto M. and Morinigo-Sotelo D. (2019). Condition monitoring approach based on dimensionality reduction techniques for detecting power quality disturbances in cogeneration systems, 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), pp. 898-903, doi: 10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869523
Iacobici-Luca N., Andea P., Frigura-Iliasa F.M. and Vatau D. (2015). Software and hardware equipment power quality monitoring inside a transelectrica high voltage power station, IEEE 13th International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics.
Iacobici-Luca N., Frigura-Iliasa F.M., Vatau D. and Andea P. (2016). Power quality assessment system for a 220 kV/110 kV high voltage power station, Electric Power Quality and Supply Reliability (PQ) IEEE.
IEC (1997). Std. 61000-3-8 ed1.0:1997-09 TC/SC 77B, International Electrotechnical Commission, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3: Limits - Section 8: Signalling on low-voltage electrical installations - Emission levels, frequency bands and electromagnetic disturbance levels.
IEC (2003). Std. 61000-4-30, International Electrotechnical Commission, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-30: Testing and measurement techniques - Power quality measurement methods.
IEC (2013). Std. 61000-3-3, International Electrotechnical Commission, Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current ≤ 16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection.
IEEE (2005). Std. 1100-2005, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer, Powering and Grounding Electronic Equipment.
IEEE (2009). Std. 1159-2009, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer, Recommended Practice for Monitoring Electric Power Quality.
IEEE (2014). Std. 519, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer, Recommended Practice and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power System.
ITIC (2022). Voltage Disturbance, Power Engineering Study Resource. ITIC Curve, URL: http://voltage-disturbance.com/voltage-quality/itic-curve/. Acceso: 11 de abril de 2022.
Krebs R., Lerch E., Ruhle O., Gal S., Lazar F. and Paunescu D. (2008). Future distribution systems with dispersed generation will require network security measures as transmission systems of today, IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting - Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century, Pittsburgh, PA, 2008, pp. 1-5. doi: 10.1109/PES.2008.4596211
PRODESEN (2016). Programa de Desarrollo del Sistema Eléctrico Nacional 2016-2030, Secretaría de Energía, México.